The Anti-aging Ruby In Pomegranate, Is The Artificial Anti-aging Effect Better Than The Natural One?

How Does Urolithin A Help Us Fight Aging?

Is It Better To Directly Supplement Urolithin A Or Eat Fruits Containing It?

How Much Urolithin A Is Best For Your Body?

Why Can Some People Produce Urolithin A While Others Cannot? What Should We Do If We Can't?

 

Urolithin A (English name Urolithin A, hereinafter referred to as UA) is a metabolite of intestinal microorganisms and cannot be directly supplemented through dietary channels. However, its precursor ellagitannins are rich in various fruits such as pomegranates and strawberries.

 

The first encounter between humans and UA dates back to 2005. Scientist Cerdá's research team discovered the existence of urolithin A for the first time and confirmed that it is the work of intestinal microbiota.

 

In the following nearly ten years, the number of studies on UA has maintained a continuous growth trend, and its rich functions of antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial and viral infections have been discovered one after another. This kind of natural antioxidant Miraculous substances have entered the field of vision of more and more scientists.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

So, what is the mechanism behind these rich and colorful functions of urolithin A? How does it help organisms fight aging and extend lifespan?

 

NO.1

Anti-Aging

Since it was discovered in 2016 that it can effectively extend the life span of C. elegans, urolithin A has been used at various levels (hematopoietic stem cells, skin tissue, brain (organs, immune system, individual life span)), various species (C. elegans, The anti-aging effects have been strongly demonstrated in Drosophila melanogaster, mice, and humans.

Health benefits of UA in various organs 

Scientists have also given reasonable explanations for the hidden mechanism behind it.

In animal and clinical trials, scientists have found that UA can inhibit the proliferation of aging mitochondrial dysfunction and extend the lifespan of mitochondria by inducing autophagy of dysfunctional mitochondria and regulating mitochondrial biogenesis, and can also induce mitosis of cells, which It's exactly the opposite of the effects of aging.

Legend: UA, as a mitosis inducer, can restore the decline in mitosis levels caused by aging. 

After looking at the mechanism, let's take a look at the question that everyone is most concerned about: How does the anti-aging effect of UA perform in human clinical trials?

 

Up to now, most clinical human trials on the anti-aging effect of UA have focused on its improvement in age-related skeletal and muscle function problems (perhaps because the improvement effect is easier to appear and more convenient to observe. Many studies have confirmed this UA has good safety and bioavailability in the human body.

 

In addition, in these studies, the authors invariably mentioned that UA plays an anti-aging effect by improving the mitosis and mitochondrial function of corresponding cells, which is also consistent with the mechanism we mentioned above.

 

Another interesting point is that UA improved the endurance and physical fitness of aging people in these trials, but it could not improve the optimal performance of activities, which also implies that UA serves as a functional maintainer rather than an amplifier.

 

NO.2

Three classic effects: anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-cancer

After talking about the protagonist of anti-aging, let's take a look at the earliest and most studied three major functions of UA: anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-cancer.

 

Some scholars have confirmed that UA can inhibit the mitochondria-related apoptosis pathway and regulate the p-38 MAPK signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. For example, UA can improve the survival rate of neurons stimulated by oxidative stress and has a good neuroprotective function.

 

Compared with its antioxidant capacity, UA's anti-inflammatory activity is more powerful and can significantly inhibit a variety of typical inflammatory factors such as TNF-α. It is precisely for this reason that UA has been shown to be more effective in tissues including the brain, fat, heart, intestines and liver. It plays a role in the treatment of various inflammations within the body and can relieve inflammation in various tissues.

In a series of human cell models, UA has been confirmed to exert anti-cancer effects by inducing apoptosis and blocking the cell cycle, with colon cancer and prostate cancer being the most prominent.

 

NO.3

Protective effects: neurological, gastrointestinal and cardiovascular

At the systemic level, UA has also been proven to have excellent protective effects on the nervous system, gastrointestinal system, and cardiovascular system. It can be said to be our excellent health bodyguard.

In neurodegenerative diseases caused by aging, studies have reported that UA can activate the SIRT1 signaling pathway, downregulate the mTOR signaling pathway, and activate autophagy to prevent d-galactose-induced brain aging, thereby improving cognitive impairment in aging mice.

 

No.4

Improve obesity and regulate intestinal flora environment

In addition, studies have shown that UA has the magical effect of improving obesity and regulating the intestinal flora environment.

 

Differences in metabolism and synthesis among people, UA: You may not be able to enjoy my good things

Another bad news about supplementing UA is that supplementing with foods rich in UA precursors may not work for everyone.

The reason for this unfair result is due to differences in the gut microbes in different people.

 

A study conducted by Tomás-Barberán in 2014 showed that humans can be divided into three phenotypes based on their ability to metabolize and synthesize urolithin, namely "phenotype A", "phenotype B" and "phenotype 0". Among them, only people with metabolic phenotype A can normally synthesize large amounts of urolithin A. Rocío García-Villalba discovered a fourth phenotype, "R", in 2019. This group of people is also unable to synthesize urolithin A.

 

Interestingly, there are also studies showing a correlation between urolithin metabolism phenotypes and aging. In healthy young adults (5-30 years old), approximately 70-80% have phenotype A and 10-20% have phenotype B. As age increases (30-90 years), the proportion of phenotype A decreases and the proportion of phenotype B increases, eventually reaching 50% and 40% respectively, while the proportion of phenotype 0 (10%) remains basically unchanged .

Of course, if you unfortunately find that you are not one of the "Chosen A", don't be too sad. We just can't supplement UA by eating food. As mentioned before, taking UA directly orally is also effective. It's even more effective.

 

In Conclusion
Current Research On Urolithin A Has Shown Several Major Trends:

1. More and more attention is paid to its anti-aging function, especially the anti-aging effect at the systemic level, and the directions are becoming more and more abundant;

2. There are more and more clinical human experiments to verify the efficacy of UA, and they are more authoritative;

3. The synthesis method changes from chemical synthesis to biosynthesis (i.e., synthesis using bacterial fermentation technology);

I believe that in the near future, mankind will definitely take off this "anti-aging ruby" located on the "anti-aging crown" and let its brilliance illuminate the way forward for human civilization.

 

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